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ObjectiveThe monitoring of fluoride in drinking water in Qingpu District was conducted to evaluate the external exposure of residents through drinking water， and to provide data support for the continuous improvement of drinking water quality in the area and the health level of residents. MethodsFrom 2016 to 2021， the pipe network water was collected from 42 monitoring points in Qingpu District， every month， and the fluoride concentration in the pipe network water was detected by ion chromatography. ResultsThe fluctuation range of fluoride concentration in drinking water in Qingpu District from 2016 to 2021 was between 0.10 and 0.96 mg·L-1. The fluoride in drinking water did not exceed the standard， which was lower than the lower limit of the WHO recommended range. The median fluoride concentration in drinking water in the Qingcaosha water source area was 0.20 mg·L-1， and the median fluoride concentration in drinking water in the Dianshan lake water source area was 0.44 mg·L-1， and the difference between the two was statistically significant （Z=20.260， P<0.001）. The fluoride concentration in drinking water had a decreasing trend year by year， especially in the water supply area of Dianshan lake water system. The fluoride concentration in drinking water in Qingcaosha water source water supply area decreased relatively gently， from 0.25 mg·L-1 in 2017 to 0.20 mg·L-1 gradually. According to the "Chinese Residents' Dietary Nutrient Reference Intake 2013 Edition"， the requirement of 1.5 mg·d-1 of suitable fluoride intake （AI） for adults. About 50% of the residents in the water supply area of Dianshan lake would consume less than0.75 mg·d-1， fluoride through drinking water， which was lower than 1/2 of the AI value. The fluoride content in the water supply area of Qingcaosha water source was relatively low， and 75% of the residents ingested fluoride through drinking water was lower than 0.37 mg·d-1， which was lower than the 1/4 of the AI value. ConclusionThe concentration of fluoride in drinking water in Qingpu District is lower than the sanitary standard of drinking water in China，and the risk of excessive fluoride exposure is very low. However， the fluoride concentration in drinking water has a decreasing trend year by year， and intervention measures should be used rationally to reduce the health risks caused by insufficient fluoride intake.
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Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of fiberoptic ductoscopy (FDS) in pathological milky white nipple discharge.Methods The data of 1688 patients with pathological milky white nipple discharge who underwent FDS examination in Chengdu Third People's Hospital from Oct.2011 to Oct.2016 were analyzed retrospectively.Results Among the 1688 cases,the proportion of patients with milky white nipple discharge was 30％,higher than that of the bloody discharge (15％) and yellow liquid (24.5％).The detection rate of lesions in patients with milk nipple discharge was 9.3％,among whom 6.1％ was breast cancer.Conclusions FDS should be routinely performed in patients with pathological milky white nipple discharge,as an examination tool to exclude the intra ductal lesion.The disease should be paid more attention by physicians.
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Objective To explore the indications, superiority and surgical technique of periareolar approach in the management of benign breast diseases. Methods 132 patients with benign breast disease (91 cases of Fibroadenoma, 12 cases of limited gland hyperplasia, 8 cases of cyst, 2 cases of benign phyllodes tumor and 6 cases of male gynecomastia) underwent operation through areolar incision. Results All patients were followed up for 1-10 months. 107 cases were satisfied with their treatment,19 cases were not quite satisfied with the relatively long incision, and 6 cases were not satisfied with the front incision. The one-month-later reexamination showed that 117 cases feel good and 15 cases had partial numbness of the nipple (15/132, 11.36%). All but two patients wound healing delayed because of local hematoma (2/132, 1.52%). Neither necrosis nor infection was found. Conclusions With the advantages of fewer complications and cosmetic effect, periareolar approach can be applied in management of various benign breast diseases. Factors such as indications, anatomical layer, postoperative molding, appropriate drainage, pressure dressing should be taken into consideration for the success of operation.
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).The complication rate in RIVVH was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusions Early RIVVH was effective in the treatment of SAP,and may be an option as adjuvant treatment measure.
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Objective To summarize some problems about the management of acute pancreatic pseuclocyst(PPC) by CT guided percutaneous drainage(PCD).Methods The recent domestic and foreign literatures were reviewed in order to explore the research advancement,such as indication,applied time,technique skill,complication and curative effect by CT guided PCD.Results This operation could be early performed in patients with acute PPC,preventing and decreasing the incidence of possible complications resulted from the traditional long-term observation and waiting.The technique skill of operation was easy with low incidence of complications and the effect was good.Combined use of somatostatin might shorten the treatment time.Some patients could be postoperatively managed in out-patient,thus the expense could be cut down.Conclusions CT guided PCD is a minimally invasive operation and is easy to perform with high effective rate and low incidence of complications and low cost.Reasonable selection of the indications and improvement of equipments and operation techniques may be helpful to improve the curative effect.The extended application of this operation is advised.
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OBJECTIVE:To observe the therapeutic effects of compound glycyrrhizin combined with halometasone cream on vitiligo.METHODS:95patients with vitiligo were randomly divided into treatment group and control group.64patients in treatment group had taken compound glycyrrhizin continuously for60days at a dose of1～3tablets with3times per day,meanwhile,0.05%halometasone cream had been used locally with2times per day.While31other patients in control group had only been treated with0.05%halometasone cream with2times per day for60days.RESULTS:The efficacy rate in treatment group was62.5%as compared with32.3%in control group,there existed significant difference between the two groups(P